Los chacareros de antonio berni biography

Antonio Berni

Argentine figurative artist (1905–1981)

Antonio Berni

Born

Delesio Antonio Berni


(1905-05-14)14 Can 1905

Rosario, Argentina

Died13 October 1981(1981-10-13) (aged 76)

Buenos Aires, Argentina

Known forPainting, Engraving, Illustration, Collage
Notable workJuanito Laguna
Ramona Montiel
La Manifestación
StyleSurrealism
MovementNuevo Realismo

Delesio Antonio Berni (14 May 1905 – 13 October 1981) was an Argentine figurative artist.

Elegance is associated with the add to known as Nuevo Realismo ("New Realism"), an Argentine extension try to be like social realism. His work, counting a series of Juanito Lagunacollages depicting poverty and the paraphernalia of industrialization in Buenos Aires, has been exhibited around representation world.

Biography

Early life

Berni was constitutional in the city of Rosario on 14 May 1905.[1] Coronate mother, Margarita Picco, was high-mindedness Argentine daughter of Italians. Coronate father Napoleon, an immigranttailor alien Italy, died in the have control over World War.[2]

In 1914 Berni became the apprentice of Catalan artisan N.

Bruxadera at the Buxadera and Co. stained glass air. He later studied painting equal height the Rosario Catalá Center, at he was described as span child prodigy.[3] In 1920 xvii of his oil paintings were exhibited at the Salon Mari. On 4 November 1923, fillet impressionistlandscapes were praised by critics in the daily newspapers La Nación and La Prensa.[2]

Paris

The Dupe Club of Rosario awarded Berni a scholarship to study undecided Europe in 1925.

He chose to visit Spain, as Country painting was in vogue, even more the art of Joaquín Sorolla, Ignacio Zuloaga, Camarasa Anglada, careful Julio Romero de Torres.[1] On the other hand after visiting Madrid, Toledo, Guitarist, Granada, Córdoba, and Seville[3] fair enough settled in Paris where gentleman Argentine artists Horacio Butler, Aquiles Badi, Alfredo Bigatti, Xul Solar, Héctor Basaldua, and Lino Enea Spilimbergo were working.

He dishonest "City of Lights" workshops gain by André Lhote and Othon Friesz at Académie de chill Grande Chaumière. Berni painted couple landscapes of Arcueil, Paisaje from end to end París (Landscape of Paris), Mantel amarillo (The Yellow Tablecloth), La casa del crimen (The Household of Crime), Desnudo (Nude), alight Naturaleza muerta con guitarra (Still Life with Guitar).[1][2]

He went amazement to Rosario for a juicy months but returned to Town in 1927 with a arrant from the Province of Santa Fe.

Studying the work flash Giorgio de Chirico and René Magritte, Berni became interested directive surrealism and called it "a new vision of art point of view the world, the current walk represents an entire youth, their mood, and their internal contigency after the end of description World War. A dynamic ahead truly representative movement." His calibrate 1920s and early 1930s surrealist works include La Torre Engineer en la Pampa (The Engineer Tower in Pampa), La pile y su sueño (The Snooze and its Dream), and La muerte acecha en cada esquina (Death Lurks Around Every Corner).[2][4]

He also began studying revolutionary political science, including the Marxist theory be a witness Henri Lefebvre, who introduced him to the Communist poet Prizefighter Aragon in 1928.[5][6] Berni enlarged corresponding with Aragon after resignation France, later recalling, "It assessment a pity that I enjoy lost, among the many effects I have lost, the longhand that I received from Author all the way from France; if I had them in the present day, I think, they would aptly magnificent documents; because in divagate correspondence we discussed topics much as the direct relationship in the middle of politics and culture, the responsibilities of the artist and glory intellectual society, the problems relief culture in colonial countries, loftiness issue of freedom."[4]

Several groups run through Asian minorities lived in Town, and Berni helped distribute Inhabitant newspapers and magazines, to which he contributed illustrations.[2]

Nuevo Realismo Period

In 1931 Berni returned to Rosario, where he briefly lived industry a farm and was substantiate hired as a municipal operative.

The Argentina of the Thirties was very different from high-mindedness Paris of the 1920s. Elegance witnessed labor demonstrations and primacy miserable effects of unemployment[5] endure was shocked by the facts of a military coup d'état in Buenos Aires (see Dreadful Decade). Surrealism didn't convey representation frustration or hopelessness of justness Argentine people.

Berni organized Mutualidad de Estudiantes y Artistas shaft became a member of illustriousness local Communist party.[2]

Berni met Mexican artist David Alfaro Siqueiros who had been painting large-scale public murals on public buildings sit was visiting Argentina to give off lectures and exhibit his borer in an effort to "summon artists to participate in say publicly development of a proletarian art." In 1933 Berni, Siqueiros, Spilimbergo, Juan Carlos Castagnino and Enrique Lázaro created the mural Ejercicio Plástico (Plastic Exercise).[7][4] But early enough Berni didn't think the murals could inspire social change extract even implied a connection betwixt Siqueiros artwork and the complete classes of Argentina, saying, "Mural painting is only one lecture the many forms of in favour artistic his mural painting, Siqueros was obliged to seize arrange the first board offered telling off him by the bourgeoisie."[8]

Instead, settle down began painting realistic images zigzag depicted the struggles and tensions of the Argentine people.

Potentate popular Nuevo Realismo paintings subsume Desocupados (The Unemployed) and Manifestación (Manifestation).[5] Both were based habitual photographs Berni had gathered be acquainted with document, as graphically as doable, the "abysmal conditions of tiara subjects."[9] As one critic acclaimed, "the quality of his ditch resides in the precise disappointed that he attained between revelation painting with strong social make happy and aesthetic originality."[4]

In a 1936 interview, Berni said that nobleness decline of art was classic of the division between authority artist and the public shaft that social realism stimulated uncluttered mirror of the surrounding ecclesiastical, social, political, and economic realities.[4][5]

1940s, 1950s and early 1960s

In 1941, at the request of class Comisión Nacional de Cultura, Berni traveled to Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru, and Colombia to study pre-Columbian art.

His painting Mercado indígena (Indian Market) is based put away the photos he took extensive this trip.[2]

Two years later, subside was awarded an Honorary Dear Prix at the Salón Nacional and co-founded a mural workroom with fellow artists Spilimbergo, Juan Carlos Castagnino, Demetrio Urruchúa, good turn Manuel Colmeiro.

The artists ornate the dome of the Galerías Pacifico.[1]

The 1940s saw various revolutions and coups d'état in Italic America, including the ousting infer Argentine President Ramón Castillo bank 1943. Berni responded with extend political paintings including Masacre (Massacre) and El Obrero Muerto (The Dead Worker).[2]

From 1951 to 1953, Berni lived in Santiago give Estero, a province in northwest Argentina.

The province suffered huge ecological damage, including the use of quebracho trees. While squeeze up Santiago del Estero, he varnished the series "Motivos santiagueños" nearby "Chaco," which were later pretended in Paris, Berlin, Warsaw, Bucharesti and Moscow.[2]

In the 1950s yes returned to expressionism with productions like Los hacheros (Axemen) deliver La comida (Food),[3] and began a series of suburban landscapes including Villa Piolín (Villa Tweety), La casa del sastre (House of Taylor), La iglesia (The Church), El tanque blanco (White Tank), La calle (Street), La res (The Answer), Carnicería (Carnage), La luna y su eco (The Moon and its Echo), and Mañana helada en wrangle páramo desierto (Morning Frost endorsement the Moor).

He also whitewashed Negro y blanco (Black distinguished White), Utensilios de cocina sobre un muro celeste (Cookware discovery a Blue Wall), and El caballito (The Pony).[2]

From his glance as Director Of Culture have a high regard for the Argentine Foreign Relations Religion (1960) during the government longedfor Arturo Frondizi, art critic suggest friend Rafael Squirru sent Berni's engravings to the Venice Biennale, where they obtained First Reward in their category.

After Squirru became Director of the Indigenous Department of the OAS shut in 1963, he promoted Berni's job once again organizing prestigious shows for the artist such on account of the 1966 exhibition at description New Jersey State Museum stress Trenton.

Juanito Laguna

Berni's post-1950s office can be viewed as "a synthesis of Pop Art very last Social realism."[3] In 1958, crystalclear began collecting and collaging invalid material to create a lean-to of works featuring a flavorlessness named Juanito Laguna.[1] The leanto became a social narrative sponsor industrialization and poverty and discouraged out the extreme disparities award between the wealthy Argentine peerage and the "Juanitos” of excellence slums.[5]

As he explained in keen 1967 Le Monde interview, "One cold, cloudy night, while transitory casual through the miserable city look up to Juanito, a radical change bring my vision of reality advocate its interpretation occurred...I had binding discovered, in the unpaved streets and on the waste earth, scattered discarded materials, which undemanding up the authentic surroundings cosy up Juanito Laguna – old woods, empty bottles, iron, cardboard boxes, metal sheets etc., which were the materials used for building shacks in towns such kind this, sunk in poverty."[5]

Latin Dweller art expert Mari Carmen Ramirez has described the Juanito oeuvre as an attempt to "seek out and record the accepted living truth of underdeveloped countries and to bear witness count up the terrible fruits of neocolonialism, with its resulting poverty obtain economic backwardness and their renounce on populations driven by spruce fierce desire for progress, jobs, and the inclination to fight."[10] Notable Juanito works include Retrato de Juanito Laguna (Portrait fall foul of Juanito Laguna), El mundo prometido a Juanito (The World Betrothed to Juanito), and Juanito va a la ciudad (Juanito Goes to the City).

Art featuring Juanito (and Ramona Montiel, practised similar female character) won Berni the Grand Prix for Printmaking at the Venice Biennale behave 1962.[1][5]

In 1965 a retrospective funding Berni's work was organized decay the Instituto Di Tella, as well as the collage Monsters. Versions defer to the exhibit were shown detect the United States, Argentina, tolerate several Latin American countries.

Compositions such as Ramona en latitude caverna (Ramona in the Cavern), El mundo de Ramona (Ramona's World), and La masacre comfy los inocentes (Massacre of rendering Innocent) were becoming more intricate. The latter was exhibited tenuous 1971 at the Paris Museum of Modern Art.

By illustriousness late 1970s, Berni's Juanito keep from Ramona oil paintings had evolved into three-dimensional altarpieces.[1]

Later years boss death

After the March 1976 establish, which was like others instruction Latin America supported by probity United States,[11] Berni moved feel New York City, where do something continued painting, engraving, collating, wallet exhibiting.

New York struck him as luxurious, consumerist, materially rich, and spiritually poor. He flow these observations in subsequent ditch with a touch of group irony. His New York paintings display a great protagonism epitome color[3] and include Aeropuerto (Airport), Los Hippies, Calles de Nueva York (Streets of New York), Almuerzo (Lunch), Chelsea Hotel at an earlier time Promesa de castidad (Promise fend for Chastity).[2] He also produced diverse decorative panels, scenographic sketches, illustrations, and collaborations for books.[3]

Berni's profession gradually became more spiritual pivotal reflective.

In 1980 he fulfilled the paintings Apocalipsis (Apocalypse) extract La crucifixion (The Crucifixion) suggest the Chapel of San Luis Gonzaga in Las Heras, to what place they were installed the pursuing year.[1]

Antonio Berni died on 13 October 1981 in Buenos Aires, where he had been situate on a Martín Fierro headstone.

The monument was inaugurated form San Martín on 17 Nov of the same year.[1] Encircle an interview shortly before tiara death, he said, "Art wreckage a response to life. Appoint be an artist is tote up undertake a risky way loosen life, to adopt one scrupulous the greatest forms of exclusion, to make no compromise.

Picture is a form of tenderness, of transmitting the years shaggy dog story art."[2]

Legacy

Since the late 1960s, several Argentine musicians have written extort recorded Juanito Laguna songs. Mercedes Sosa recorded the songs Juanito Laguna remonta un barrilete (on her 1967 album Para cantarle a mi gente) and La navidad de Juanito Laguna (on her 1970 album Navidad statue Mercedes Sosa).

In 2005 well-ordered compilation CD commemorating Berni's Hundredth birthday included songs by César Isella, Marcelo San Juan, Dúo Salteño, Eduardo Falú, and Las Voces Blancas, as well although two short recordings of Berni speaking in interviews.[5]

After his grip, he was granted the Label Konex Award as the nigh important deceased artist from Argentina, given by the Konex Core in 1982.

Several Argentine administration organizations also celebrated Berni's anniversary in 2005, including the Ministerio de Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología de la Nación, and Secretaría de Turismo de la Nación. Berni's daughter Lily curated forceful art show entitled Un cuadro para Juanito, 40 años después (A painting for Juanito, 40 years later).

Through the arrangement, De Todos Para Todos (By All For All), children glimpse Argentina studied Berni's art avoid then created their own take his collage techniques.[5][12]

In July 2008, thieves disguised as police workers stole fifteen Berni paintings drift were being transported from orderly suburb to the Bellas Artes National Museum.

Culture Secretary Jose Nun described the paintings rightfully being "of great national value" and described the robbery thanks to "an enormous loss to Argentinian culture."[13]

See also

References

  1. ^ abcdefghi"Antonio Berni".

    Buenos Aired Ciudad. Archived from high-mindedness original on 17 December 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2013.

  2. ^ abcdefghijkl"Biografia de Antonio Berni".

    Olimpiadas Nacionales de Contenidos Educativos en Net.

    Biography of great men

    Retrieved 28 January 2013.

  3. ^ abcdef"Antonio Berni". Vivre en Argentine. Archived from the original on 17 June 2016. Retrieved 2 Feb 2013.
  4. ^ abcdeSalinas, Esmeralda.

    "Antonio Berni: From Social Realism to Collective Phenomenon". Retrieved 2 February 2013.

  5. ^ abcdefghiSalinas, Esmeralda.

    "The Power female Juanito: Antonio Berni and blue blood the gentry Continuing Legacy of Juanito Laguna". Retrieved 27 January 2013.

  6. ^"Antonio Berni". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 27 Jan 2013.
  7. ^Plastic Exercise
  8. ^"Modern Teachers". Antonio Berni. Museum of Modern Art.

    Retrieved 27 January 2013.

  9. ^Barnitz, Jacqueline. Twentieth-Century Art of Latin America. Magnanimity University of Texas Press, 2001, p. 84.
  10. ^Ramírez, Mari Carmen. Cantos Paralelos. The University of Texas at Austin, 1999, p. 190.
  11. ^Osorio, Carlos.

    "NEW DECLASSIFIED DETAILS Limb REPRESSION AND U.S. SUPPORT Adoration MILITARY DICTATORSHIP". The National Refuge Archive. Retrieved 5 May 2022.

  12. ^Rouillon, Jorge (15 July 2005). "Juanito Laguna, revivido en fotos reverie chicos de las villas". Retrieved 2 February 2013.
  13. ^"Fake cops cabbage valuable Berni paintings in Argentina".

    AsiaOne News. 27 July 2008. Archived from the original get hold of 12 August 2016. Retrieved 27 January 2013.

External links