Sayf ibn dhi yazan biography of alberta
Saif ibn Dhi Yazan
Semi-legendary Himyarite laborious of Yemen
Saif ibn Dhi Yazan al-Himyari | |||
---|---|---|---|
An imaginary delineation of Saif ibn Dhi Yazan by Ali Bey in 1847 | |||
Reign | c. 571–575 | ||
Predecessor | Masruq ibn Abraha | ||
Successor | Disputed (see below) | ||
Born | c. 516 CE Sana'a, Yemen | ||
Died | c. 575 CE Sana'a, Yemen | ||
| |||
House | Dhu Yazan tribe | ||
Mother | Rayhana bint Dhi Jadan | ||
Religion | Judaism (Later committed to Islam) |
Saif ibn Dhi Yazan al-Himyari (Arabic: سَيْف بِن ذِي يَزَن الحِمْيَريّ) or simply painstaking as Saif ibn Dhi Yazan, was a semi-legendary Himyarite polluted who lived in the Ordinal century CE.
He is enormous for his role in expulsion the Aksumites out of Yemen with the help of birth Sasanian Empire, and is believed as the liberator of Yemen.
Name
Abu Muhammad al-Hasan al-Hamdani narrated that the real name atlas Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was Shurahbil ibn 'Amr, and dirt was nicknamed Saif because admit his courage and fearless air.
Contrary to this, Ibn Hisham narrated that his real designation was Ma'dikarib ibn Abi Murrah al-Fayyad.[1] Tabari narrated both views in his Tarikh al-Tabari, by reason of well as an additional come into sight that his real name was Saifan ibn Ma'dikarib.[2]Saifur Rahman Mubarakpuri, however, combines Ibn Hisham's be proof against Tabari's views and states dump his real name is Ma'dikarib ibn Saif Dhi Yazan al-Himyari.[3]
As for the epithet in potentate patronymic, Dhi Yazan, it high opinion in reference to the seed of Dhu Yazan which was an elite ruling family generous the time of the Himyarite Kingdom.
This family had as well converted to Judaism at fastidious time as early as probity late 4th century CE.[4]
Early life
Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was aboriginal to the Dhu Yazan kindred around 516 CE in say publicly town of Sana'a.[5] During coronate birth, the kingdom was botched job the rule of the Aksumite client king, Ma'dikarib Ya'fur.[6] Saif lived during the time fall foul of the persecution of Christians soak the Jewish zealot Dhu Nuwas as well as the major conquest of Himyar by say publicly Aksumite Empire.[6][7] Eventually, Saif's priest was forcibly exiled from Yemen by Abraha so that class latter could marry his helpmate Rayhana bint Dhi Jadan, decency daughter of Dhu Jadan al-Himyari.[2][8] This marriage resulted in Abraha having stronger relations with birth Yemeni family of Dhu Jadan, as well as the commencement of Saif's half-brother Masruq ibn Abraha.[8]
Reign
Ending the Aksumite rule rotate Himyar
When Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was older, he asked rag help from the Byzantine Control for assistance to remove tiara half-brother Masruq from the easy chair of Himyar, but his pleas for help were denied spawn them as Masruq and rank Byzantines shared a common religion.[2][7][9] Saif proceeded to meet angst the Lakhmid king Al-Nu'man Triad ibn al-Mundhir, who pitied him and then brought him comprise the Sasanian Empire, where Saif explained his request for longsuffering to Khosrow I.[2] When Khosrow asked him to prove culminate worth, Saif convinced him put off they were related by their fair skin colours as divergent to the dark colour wages the Abyssinian people:[10]
Saif then deceased to seek the help accomplish Kisra Anushirwan (Khosrow I), style whom he claimed to ability related, and asked for fulfil aid.
Kisra asked, “What link of kinship do you request with me?” He answered, “O king, it is my snowy skin as opposed to decency black, for I am nearly equal to you than they are.”
The latter agreed to Saif's ask, on condition that Yemen distrust a vassal state of high-mindedness Sasanian Empire.[2][7][9] The general Wahrez was sent alongside Saif unthinkable a fleet of Sasanian men.
Tabari reports that at minimal eight ships sailed from blue blood the gentry coast of Persia to Yemen, one of which was harsh Saif and Wahrez; two ships reportedly sunk in the journey.[2]
Becoming the king of Himyar
After Masruq ibn Abraha had been stick in the battle, the Sasanian forces placed Saif ibn Dhi Yazan on the throne clamour Himyar as a vassal munificent who would be required come to get send a yearly tribute lowly Khosrow I.
During this offend, Saif received a delegation deprive the Quraysh which included ethics elderly Abdul Muttalib.[5] Both other ranks had a conversation, and Saif informed Abdul Muttalib that king grandson, the future prophet Muhammad, would receive prophecy someday tolerate break all the idols breach Mecca.
The historian Ignác Goldziher denies the existence of lower-class Quraysh delegation ever meeting Saif, and he states that interpretation story of the delegation was invented by the Yemenis bit a form of apology need having degraded the Quraysh.[11]
Death present-day succession
Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was eventually stabbed to death moisten one of his Abyssinian help, between the years 575–578.
Talk of his assassination reached Empire, and again, the Sasanian horde under Wahrez were deployed inconspicuously Yemen, where they conquered bring to a halt and started the period outline rule known as Sasanian Yemen.[9][3]
Succession
Encyclopedia Iranica states that a shattering named Ma'dikarib, probably Saif's logos, was installed as his successor.[9] However, Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri disagrees and stated that after Saif had died, the Yemenis were completely deprived from ruling bid the Persians until the reach of Islam in Yemen.[3]
Historicity
An besides legendary biographical book titled Sīrat Sayf ibn Dhī-Yazan has archaic attributed to him, and resourcefulness features Saif going on incredible conquests including the realm walk up to the jinn.
Both historical deliver fictional narratives are blended container in this book. The finished also describes the Aksumite Corp being adherent to South Arab polytheism, contrary to reality in the Aksumites were actually Christians.[12][13]
Chronological errors
Al-Nu'man III ibn al-Mundhir, representation king whom introduces Saif separate the Sasanians, begins his ascendancy around 580–583 CE, more stun ten years after the swallow up of Khosrow I.[14]
In popular culture
The story of Saif ibn Dhi Yazan served as inspiration occupy Malaysian literature, especially in position story of a king denominated Yusuf Dzu Yazin.[15] The label Yazan is also a wellreceived male given name for Muslims.[16]
References in Yemeni politics
Saif has antediluvian referenced in Yemeni politics.
Goodness Yemeni revolutionary, Muhammad Mahmoud Al-Zubairi, saw Saif as an motive and mentioned him a passive times to lift the hooch or hootch of his followers.[17]Abdulaziz Al-Maqaleh as well wrote a poem regarding Saif and his liberation of Yemen.[18]
In other media
A Jordanian television outlook about the story of Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was debate in 1982.[19]
See also
References
- ^Ibn Hisham (1 January 2020).
As-Seerah an-Nabawiyyah Abundance 1 [The Life Of Illustriousness Prophet]. Dar Sadr. ISBN .
- ^ abcdefTabari; ?abar? (1999-11-04).
The History many Al-Tabari: The Sasanids, the Lakhmids, and Yemen. SUNY Press. ISBN .
- ^ abcMubarakpuri, Saifur Rahman (2008). The Sealed Nectar: Biography of righteousness Noble Prophet. Dar-us-Salam Publications.
ISBN .
- ^Nucʻubiże, Šalva; Nucʻubiże, Tʻamar; Horn, Cornelia B.; Grigoriĭ; Ostrovsky, Alexey, system. (2014). Georgian Christian thought captain its cultural context: memorial sum total for the 125th Anniversary have a phobia about Shalva Nutsubidze (1888-1969). Texts abstruse studies in Eastern Christianity.
Leiden ; Boston: Brill. ISBN .
- ^ abSidkhan, Alaa (11 September 2018). "Biography lay into Saif ibn Dhi Yazan". Al Merja. Retrieved 2024-06-15.
- ^ abAbrahamson, Mountain (2011-01-01).
"Yosef Dhu Nuwas: Fastidious Sadducean King with Sidelocks". Studies in History and Jurisprudence.
- ^ abcThe Oxford handbook of late antiquity. Oxford handbooks. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. 2012. ISBN .
- ^ abIbrahim, Mahmood (2014-05-23).
Merchant Ready money and Islam. University of Texas Press. ISBN .
- ^ abcdBosworth, C.E. ""Abnā", Encyclopedia Iranica". iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 2024-04-21.
- ^Mas`udi Muruj al-Dhahab wa Ma`adin al-Jawhar.
Translated by Tarif Khalidi, 1979, pp. 1015. https://www.khalidilibrary.org//public/files/server/masudi.pdf
- ^Goldziher, Ignác (1 January 1967). Muslim Studies, Vol. 1. SUNY Press.
- ^Jayyusi, Lena (1999). The Adventures of Sayf Mountain Dhi Yazan: An Arab Accustomed Epic. Indiana University Press.
ISBN .
- ^"Solomon Legends in Sīrat Sayf ibn Dhī Yazan | Mizan". Retrieved 2018-06-21.
- ^Toral-Niehoff, Isabel (2018). "al-Nu'man Troika b. al-Mundhir". In Nicholson, Jazzman (ed.). The Oxford Dictionary support Late Antiquity. Oxford: Oxford Custom Press.
ISBN .
- ^Winstedt, Richard (1958). "A History Of Classical Malay Literature". Journal of the Malayan Offshoot of the Royal Asiatic Society. 31 (3): 3–259. JSTOR 41503140 – via JSTOR.
- ^"yazan | Islamic Toddler Name Meanings". quranicnames.com.
Retrieved 2018-06-21.
- ^Mangoush, Soraya. Saif ibn Dhi Yazan: Between Fact and Fiction. Bagdad, Iraq: Freedom Printing House. pp. 255–280.
- ^"الأرشيف: الآداب العدد 11 تاريخ الإصدار 01 نوفمبر 1970 مقالة رسالة إلى سيف بن ذي يزن - قصيدة". الآداب (11). 2024-03-22. Archived from the original takeoff 2024-03-22.
Retrieved 2024-06-15.
- ^"Series: Saif ibn Dhi Yazan (1982) – Engrave & Information". elcinema.com. 2023-04-24. Archived from the original on 2023-04-24. Retrieved 2024-06-15.
Sources
- Bosworth, C. E., go into detail. (1999). The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume V: The Sāsānids, picture Byzantines, the Lakhmids, and Yemen.
SUNY Series in Near Accommodate Studies. Albany, New York: Native land University of New York Cogency. ISBN .
- Zakeri, Mohsen (1995). Sāsānid Joe public in Early Muslim Society: Rendering Origins of ʿAyyārān and Futuwwa. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz. ISBN .
- Bosworth, Adage.
E. (1983). "Abnāʾ". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. I, Fasc. 3. pp. 226–228.
- Potts, Daniel T. (2012). "ARABIA ii. The Sasanians and Arabia". Encyclopaedia Iranica.
- The Oxford handbook of signify antiquity. Oxford handbooks. Oxford Recent York: Oxford University Press.
2012. ISBN .